Counseling, definitely, R.. this is good, but for Your son to accept it with willingness to follow any advice, you need to work it out so that really 'nothing is wrong', but out there are PROFESSIONALS, who know a lot about psychology and they can show some more angles and points of view that we people usually do not notice. It needs to be a positive feeling for your son, otherwise, however hard the best counselor will try, it will all be a waste of time and energy, as counselors HELP, but cannot DO for someone who has problems. You and me and some more adults know he has a problem, but to tell HIM SO, is not a good idea.
He needs a lot of reassurance and support, that all is good, it's just a hard time for some reasons and there are ways to overcome it: it is like the bicycle is already invented, and we use wheels to move faster = similarly, there are ways to work on the emotions and thought-processes that your son experiences, so he does not need to invent the new 'bicycle', but instead, find out what is already invented-known for being able to walk through this path of his life.
You are very insightful, R., you see the source of the pains and worries of your son, although he might not connect the events so closely yet in his own mind. However deeply loving and feeling, insightful and caring moms and dads are, at times children won't listen to their parents as well as to somebody else, who will somehow gain their respect and authority. You need a GOOD counselor, you are right!
Another thing: as you know how unsure and disturbed he is right now, and as he definitely will not be perfect in his actions and behavior, please do be careful around HOW you indicate him to the 'bettering' of his behavior. every time when it comes to such notices, please first always remind him somehow how good and well he is doing, and only THEN indicate on the flaw, so he feels confident and secure: "You do so well in school, and I know you try your best, and I am awfully proud of you. Now, here is something that we could somehow improve. If you need help, I am here and will try to be of any support. It seems, that this task could be done better this way (and give some polite instructions)." You see what i eman: leave him always a space for improvement, give him a feeling of your support! It is not good to confront him with 'this is wrong, and you need to fix it', or even worse: 'you are not good at it, you are wrong, you are a bad boy when you do it.' Always, before any 'fixing', reassure him how good and right and even powerful he is, and then show the new or improved direction, thus always standing on HIS SIDE of the fence! This way, he won't feel like it is a war situation, where you adults are on the right side of the fence, and he the young growing great gentleman, is always on the wrong side of the fence.
keep in mind, also, R., please that in this age, everything for him is like he sees it all through the magnifying glass. You might say: "You forgot to wash your glass", and he will hear: "You always don't wash your dishes". He generalizes in hius mind, that's how their brain works in this age, it is not his fault, it is his mind-mechanism's set-up for this age. he cannot define intricate hues yet, he sees the world as white and black, and now, if you are right, then your side is white, and if he is 'accused'(in his perception) of being wrong, then he is on the black side of the world, and nobody loves him, nobody understands him, and all is just not right AT ALL. THEN, he feels like it's timne to rebel and defend his space, as HE knows he is not always wrong, it just sometimes happens that he cannot make it right for some (unknown to him) reasons. And, he says you don't love me (generalizing again, see?!), you don't understand me, and it's just all wrong, and life is a disaster!"
I wish you all the best, R., hold dearly onto your goal, and approach it with loving heart, AND very conscious mind about what is going on. You are right: none of his 'wrong' behaviors needs to be tolerated, yet the way HOW you deal with it sets up the entire time of the very close teenager's furute communication between you and your son. If he will be able to regain this feeling of security in your presence, there is a big chance you will stay friends for a lifetime, and no peerpressure, no any 'gang' activities around (it's a tough world, we know it) will never break you true friendship coming from the depth of your souls, and you will have a strong influence on him, without harming his integrity, or the process of finding his own identity. Be aware, conscious, loving, and very professional in many ways, while helping your son. Learn from anywhere you can: counselor, online, books, wise elder people, and go for it.
Good luck, for both of you, and for all of your great family.
I send out a prayer for you, dear ones!
M.