My daughter is in kindergarten this year, and was SO terrible in preschool that she was kicked out. I am not kidding! How bad do you have to be to be kicked out of preschool? So, we found a school that has an emphasis on discipline. It's not like we sent her to military school or anything - it's just that the school expects very good behavior. The teachers communicate very simply and stay right on point. They don't get bogged down in explanations. So when my daughter started in with her antics, her teacher would immediately remove her from the group and tell her, "I asked you to sit in your chair. You stood on your chair, and now you will sit in the time-out corner." End of discussion. After three days of that, my daughter began to see that the other kids were having so much more fun behaving than she was by misbehaving and having to sit in time-out all the time. So she began behaving! At this point, she stands quietly in line when it's time to go to recess, when her teacher asks the children to come in from recess and sit quietly at their desks, she does it. Honestly I didn't imagine this was possible. I'm truly amazed at how high expectations from the teacher, coupled with thorough and consistent discipline, can turn a child around.
In terms of how to reinforce this at home - I try to keep our home life at home, and let the teacher deal with school. I know that sounds strange, but if my child is sitting politely at the table at home, yet is throwing food at the lunch table at school - that's the teacher's issue. I'm not there to correct my child, and I KNOW my child can behave, because she does it at home. So just focus on achieving the results you want at home, and the school behavior will follow. If it doesn't, then you've got the wrong teacher and/or school for your child. Your job is to teach respect, responsibility, and accountability at home, and then bring your child to school ready to learn. Once you drop the kid off, she becomes the teacher's responsibility. You can't control your child when she's not with you, and it's crazy that the teacher thinks you can. It's her job to maintain control of her classroom, not yours.
Good luck! I was in your shoes a year ago! Empowering the teacher to do what she needs to is your best bet. If that doesn't work, find a teacher and/or school that better matches your discipline values.